The cerebellum is a critical structure for both motor and cognitive behaviors. Although the majority of human neuroimaging research has examined the cerebellum in adults, this “little brain” may be especially pivotal during development. Indeed, the cerebellum has a unique developmental timecourse relative to the cerebral cortex, suggesting that it may play a unique role in the development of motor and cognitive functions. Here, we review the literature on cerebellar development with a focus on…
