This exploratory study examined whether brief high-intensity cycling exercise, performed either before or after a single online Portuguese language lesson, improved language acquisition or retention in older adolescents with ADHD, compared to a resting control condition. Participants (n = 29; mean age 19.2; no prior Portuguese knowledge) were randomly assigned to one of the three conditions: control, exercise before, and exercise after. The 29-minute Portuguese lesson introduced vocabulary,…
