Understanding the long-term health and developmental outcomes of children conceived through conventional IVF (cIVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is essential for informed decision-making regarding fertilization techniques and for planning appropriate follow-up strategies. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library was undertaken to evaluate outcomes including congenital anomalies, pubertal disorders, obesity, hypertension, asthma, diabetes, cerebral palsy,…
