Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) reflects long-term hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity and is a biomarker of chronic stress. Although HCC has been linked to mental health, less is known about how genetic susceptibility and early adversity jointly influence cortisol regulation, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study examined whether harsh parenting predicts adolescent HCC and whether this association is moderated by genetic variation. Data were drawn…
