Adam is a 15-year-old boy who was born prematurely, with prenatal substance exposure, and was diagnosed in early childhood with combined-type attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and oppositional defiant disorder. He was not found to meet criteria for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Despite treatment with stimulant medications and other adjunctive medications, Adam experienced ongoing difficulties with impulse control, sleep, and aggression. Adam was introduced to digital devices at an…
