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ADHD, Conduct Disorder, Substance Use Disorder, and Nonprescription Stimulant Use.
J Atten Disord. 2017 Jul;21(9):776-782
Authors: Brook JS, Balka EB, Zhang C, Brook DW
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the relationship of an ADHD diagnosis by adolescence to nonprescription stimulant use in adulthood is direct or indirect, via Conduct Disorder (CD) and/or Substance Use Disorder (SUD).
METHOD: Data were obtained from multiple waves of interviews and questionnaires completed by 551 community-based participants when they were between the mean ages of 14.1 and 36.6 years.
RESULTS: The results of the structural equation model (SEM) supported both a direct association between early ADHD and later nonprescription stimulant use ( B = .18, z = 2.74) and the relationship from ADHD to later nonprescription stimulant use ( B = .01, z = 1.72) via CD and SUD.
CONCLUSION: The longitudinal data supporting these paths suggest that efforts to prevent and treat the misuse of nonprescription stimulants may be more effective if attention is paid to those with a history of ADHD, as well as to those who also had CD and SUD.
PMID: 24776714 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE]
via https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24776714?dopt=Abstract