Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, whether this is a causal relation and how ADHD may predispose to a higher risk of CVD needs to be determined. We aimed to assess the causal association between ADHD and both coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF), and to quantify the mediating effects of potential modifiable mediators. We conducted a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study…
