The gut microbiome, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, is now understood to be a central regulator of pediatric health and development. This review discusses its centrality in GI and neurological outcomes, with a particular focus on the devastating effects of malnutrition. It also discusses how microbial homeostasis (dysbiosis), especially that induced by protein-energy and micronutrient deficiencies, interferes with nutrient absorption, enhances…
