Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. While pharmacological and behavioral therapies remain first-line treatments, their limitations in efficacy, tolerability, and long-term adherence underscore the need for innovative interventions. Growing evidence highlights the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) in ADHD pathophysiology, particularly involving immune dysregulation,…
