Recognition and treatment of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in patients with treatment-resistant burning mouth syndrome: a retrospective case study

CONCLUSIONS: ADHD is frequently comorbid in patients with treatment-resistant BMS, and ADHD-targeted pharmacotherapy may help alleviate pain, cognitive dysfunction, and brain perfusion abnormalities. These findings suggest that ADHD screening, diagnosis, and multidisciplinary management involving psychiatrists could play a crucial role in optimizing clinical outcomes in patients with BMS.

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