Accumulating clinical evidence has shown that birth by Cesarean section (CS) is associated with a higher incidence of disorders involving the dysregulation of dopamine (DA), such as attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and obesity, compared to vaginal delivery (VD). The mesolimbic (ML) system encompasses DAergic neurons that modulate reward processes underlying learning, motivation, and food intake. Previous research has shown that there are lower levels of DA in…
