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Chronic exposure to cocaine is associated with persistent behavioral disturbances. A cross-sectional dimensional study in outpatients with multiple substance use disorders.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2020 Aug 03;:
Authors: Vorspan F, de Witt P, Zerdazi EH, Karsinti E, Ksouda K, Icick R, Bellivier F, Marie N, Brousse G, Bloch V
Abstract
RATIONALE: Behavioral disturbances (BD) are prevalent in patients with substance use disorders (SUD).
OBJECTIVES: To test the hypothesis that chronic exposure to cocaine could favor the acquisition of BD that were not present in childhood.
METHODS: We used child and adult ADHD self-report screening scales (WURS-25 and ASRS-6, respectively, with their usual threshold) as assessment tools for significant BD. In a cross-sectional assessment of 382 patients with multiple SUD, we investigated BD and then “de novo” BD (i.e., by restricting the sample to patients below the threshold for childhood BD) (N = 214). We also tested for a gradient effect between patients’ lifetime DSM IV cocaine and opioid dependence status and the prevalence of BD.
RESULTS: BD were found in 188/382 (42.9%) subjects and in 74/214 (34.6%) subjects. Three clinical factors were associated with BD in the whole sample: the number of cocaine dependence criteria (OR = 1.36 [1.14-1.64], p = 0.001), the number of opioid dependence criteria (OR = 0.69 [0.52-0.91], p = 0.010), and a personal history of using cocaine through rapid routes of administration (OR = 0.41 [0.19-0.88], p = 0.022). The same three factors were associated with “de novo” BD in the restricted sample: OR = 1.35 ([1.11-1.63], p = 0.002), OR = 0.83 ([0.70-0.99], p = 0.046), and OR 0.37 ([0.16-0.86], p = 0.022), respectively. There were significant gradients for BD according to the cocaine exposure categories in the whole (Mantel-Haenszel, p < 0.001) and in the restricted sample (Mantel-Haenszel, p = 0.002).
CONCLUSIONS: Cocaine exposure was positively associated with behavioral disturbances in a dose-dependent manner in this clinical sample, whilst opioid exposure showed a negative association.
PMID: 32748030 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]
via https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32748030?dopt=Abstract